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Volume 6 Number 4
  • E-ISSN: 1365-2478

Abstract

ABSTRACT

This paper deals with the theory of the gamma ray scattering method, which is applied in determinations of density, mainly in boreholes. In this method, the gamma radiation from a radioactive source is scattered round the borehole, and recorded by a detector which is protected against direct radiation by lead.

The theory is based on the scattering and absorption properties of matter with regard to gamma radiation, as described by the Klein‐Nishina formula in terms of the quantum theory. The single scattered portion of radiation, which is of particular importance, is calculated. In doing this an absorption dependent on the scattering angle, and a counter efficiency dependent on the energy of radiation and the angle of incidence, are taken into account. The range of the detector can also be considered.

For homogeneous soil, the dependence of the counting rate on the distance between source and detector, on the density, and on the screening of radiation by the lead absorber, is investigated.

Furthermore, the scattering range for various soil densities and distances between source and detector is also determined. The existence of a substantial degree of agreement between theory and experimental findings is demonstrated. Results are compared with those of the D diffusion theory, and are illustrated by means of examples of the gamma gamma probe and the gamma density meter for surface measurements.

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2006-04-27
2024-04-24

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References

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  • Article Type: Research Article

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