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Unstructured 3D gridding and upscaling for coarse modelling of geometrically complex reservoirs
- Source: Petroleum Geoscience, Volume 11, Issue 4, Oct 2005, p. 339 - 345
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- 01 Jan 2004
- 01 Jun 2005
Abstract
The generation of accurate and reliable unstructured 3D models for reservoir simulation remains a challenge. In this paper, new developments for grid generation, upscaling and streamline simulation for such models are described. In combination, these techniques provide a prototype workflow for the construction of unstructured simulation models. The grid generation framework described here allows the incorporation of both geometrical constraints and grid-resolution targets. Flow adaptation of the unstructured grid (i.e. higher grid density in key regions) is accomplished through the use of single-phase flow calculations on the underlying geocellular grid, which are used to generate target grid resolution maps for the unstructured coarse model. A novel transmissibility upscaling procedure is introduced to capture the effects of fine-scale heterogeneity. A new method for streamline simulation on unstructured grids is also introduced. This technique provides an efficient flow-based diagnostic for the assessment of the coarse simulation model in terms of flow response. The performance of the various components of the methodology is demonstrated using several examples.