Common Scatter Point Data Mapping

The Common Scatter Point (CSP) data mapping is a tool in seismic-reflection imaging that generates CSP gathers from common midpoint (CMP) data. A CSP gather is similar to a CMP gather, however, the move out is based on the distance from the sources and receivers to the scatter point location. A key concept of the CSP data mapping is a new parameterization of the double square root (DSR) equation. The parameterized mapping operator allows to map the summed amplitude directly into the apex of the traveltime surface. The algorithm is formulated in the space-time domain, which allows prestack migration velocity analysis and multiparameter stacking like the Common Reflection Surface (CRS) stack. The regular geometry of the CSP gather and the absence of the diffraction enables an improved velocity analysis. The multiparameter stacking of CSP gathers using, e.g, CMP or CRS stacking provides enhanced images as compared to prestack time migration. Application to field data demonstrates that the method is stable and produces highly-focused time-migrated images.