Seismic Channel Basic Characteristics for Weak Signal Registration by Point Group of Geophones

Forming of seismic wave field is a complex process that depends on a number of physical phenomena, such as absorption, emission, scattering of elastic waves, as well as weak non-linear transformations of seismic energy. The study of these interdependent phenomena requires spatially distributed surveillance systems and a precision measuring channel with a wide frequency range (from almost 0 to 1000 Hz) for registration of elastic waves. The main parameter that limits the minimum level of recorded signals is the value of dynamic range of seismic channel. Typically, multidigit data registration provides a credible extraction of the informative component in the overall flow of information and therefore there is a possibility to study the energy weak individual elements of the seismic field. Spectral characteristics of recording channel circuit noise are particularly important as the spectral analysis of wave field, including microseismic noise, is a classic tool for seismic data processing and interpreting. The weak signal recording data, which was obtained by autonomous field recording units ROSA-A (Russia) by point group of geophones at the regional geotraverse deep seismic survey (distance up to 300 km) and coal seam detailed seismic survey in the mines, is presented.