oa Acquisition and Processing of 3-D Dual-Sensor Towed Marine Streamer Data

Traditionally, towed marine cables measure the seismic wavefield using only pressure sensors<br>(hydrophones). By contrast, in a dual-sensor streamer, independent measurements of the total<br>pressure and particle velocity wavefields are obtained using collocated sensors. These two<br>measurements of the seismic wavefield can be combined in processing to separate the wavefield into<br>up- and down-going components. 2-D case examples have demonstrated that this procedure is both<br>robust and accurate. This concept has now been extended to 3-D acquisition geometries. It has been<br>shown that 3-D dual-sensor streamer acquisition avoids exposure to weather, sea-state and streamer<br>spread control downtime by efficiently towing the entire 3-D streamer spread deep and at one common<br>depth. Removal of the receiver ghost effects simultaneously boosts both low and high frequencies<br>beyond any result achievable with conventional hydrophone-only streamers, and maximizes low<br>frequency signal-to-noise content required for accurate seismic inversion and reservoir description.<br>These applications are illustrated using data examples from a number of 3-D dual-sensor streamer surveys.