Transient process and optimal design of receiver coil for small‐loop transient electromagnetics

References

1. AukenE., ChristiansenA.V., JacobsenB.H., FogedN. and SϕensenK.I.2005. Piecewise 1D laterally constrained inversion of resistivity data. Geophysical Prospecting53, 497–506.
   [Google Scholar]
2. CooperN.J. and SwiftR. 1994. The application of TEM to Cyprus‐type massive sulfide exploration in Cyprus. Geophysics59, 202–214.
   [Google Scholar]
3. HuangH.2005. Depth of investigation for small broadband electromagnetic sensors. Geophysics70, 135–142.
   [Google Scholar]
4. JiY.J., LinJ., YuS.B., WangZ. and WangJ.2006. A study on solution of transient electromagnetic response during transmitting current turn‐off in the ATTEM system. Chinese Journal of Geophysics49, 1884–1890.
   [Google Scholar]
5. KalantarovP.L. and TseytlinL.A.1955. Inductance Calculations. National Power Press, Moscow.
   [Google Scholar]
6. KamenetskyF. and OelsnerChr. 2000. Distortions of EM transients in coincident loops at short time‐delays. Geophysical Prospecting48, 983–993.
   [Google Scholar]
7. MacnaeJ.C.1980. An atlas of primary fields due to fixed transmitter loop EM sources. Research in Applied Geophysics13, 124–126.
   [Google Scholar]
8. MejuM.A., FenningP.J. and HawkinsT.R.2000. Evaluation of small‐loop transient electromagnetic soundings to locate the Sherwood Sandstone aquifer and confining formations at well sites in the Vale of York, England. Journal of Applied Geophysics44, 217–236.
   [Google Scholar]
9. MetwalyM., El‐QadyG., MassoudU., El‐KenawyA., MatsushimaJ. and Al‐AArifiN.2010. Integrated geoelectrical survey for groundwater and shallow subsurface evaluation: case study at Siliyin spring EI‐Fayoum, Egypt. International Journal of Earth Sciences99, 1427–1436.
   [Google Scholar]
10. MohamedA.K., MejuM.A. and FontesS.L.2002. Deep structure of the northeastern margin of the Parnaiba Basin, Brazil, from magnetotelluric imaging. Geophysical Prospecting50, 589–602.
    [Google Scholar]
11. NabighianM.N.1979. Quasi‐static transient response of a conducting half‐space – an approximate representation. Geophysics44, 1700–1705.
    [Google Scholar]
12. NiseN.S.2008. Control System Engineering. 5th Ed.Wiley.
    [Google Scholar]
13. RaicheA.P.1983. Comparison of apparent resistivity functions for transient electromagnetic methods. Geophysics48, 787–789.
    [Google Scholar]
14. RaicheA.P. and GallagherR.G.1985. Apparent resistivity and diffusion velocity. Geophysics50, 1628–1633.
    [Google Scholar]
15. RanieriG., HaileT. and AlemayehuT.2005. TEM‐Fast small‐loop soundings to map underground tunnels and galleries connecting the rock‐hewn churches of Lalibela, Ethiopia. Geoarchaeology20, 433–448.
    [Google Scholar]
16. SandbergS.K.1993. Examples of resolution improvement in geoelectrical soundings applied to groundwater investigations. Geophysical Prospecting41, 207–227.
    [Google Scholar]
17. SattelD. and MacnaeJ.2001. The feasibility of electromagnetic gradiometer measurements. Geophysical Prospecting49, 309–320.
    [Google Scholar]
18. SiemonB., ChristiansenA.V. and AukenE.2009. A review of helicopter‐borne electromagnetic method for groundwater exploration. Near Surface Geophysics7, 629–646.
    [Google Scholar]
19. SmithR.S. and AnnanA.P.2000. Using an induction coil sensor to indirectly measure the B‐field response in the bandwidth of the transient electromagnetic method. Geophysics65, 1489–1494.
    [Google Scholar]
20. SmithR.S. and BalchS.J.2000. Robust estimation of the band‐limited inductive‐limit response from impulse‐response TEM measurements taken during the transmitter switch‐off and the transmitter off‐time. Theory and an example from Voisey's Bay, Labrador, Canada. Geophysics65, 476–481.
    [Google Scholar]
21. SpiesB.R.1989. Depth of investigation in electromagnetic sounding methods. Geophysics54, 872–888.
    [Google Scholar]
22. SørensenK.I. and AukenE.2004. SkyTEM – a new high‐resolution helicopter transient electromagnetic system. Exploration Geophysics35, 191–199.
    [Google Scholar]
23. TibanaS., MonteiroL.A.C., dos SantosE.L. and de AlmeidaF.T.2004. An assessment of heavy metal contamination using electromagnetic survey in the solid waste disposal site of Campos dos Goytacazes, Brazil. 2nd International Conference on Site Characterization, Oporto, Portugal, 581–584.
    [Google Scholar]
24. van der KrukJ., MeekesJ.A.C., van den BergP.M. and FokkemaJ.T.2000. An apparent resistivity concept for low‐frequency electromagnetic sounding techniques. Geophysical Prospecting48, 1033–1052.
    [Google Scholar]
25. WangH.J.2010. Characteristics of damping coefficient effect on transient electromagnetic signal. Chinese Journal of Geophysics53, 428–434.
    [Google Scholar]
26. WangZ., LinJ., YuS.B., JiY.J. and ZhouG.H.2006. ATTEM: An instrument system using transient electromagnetic pulse for subsurface imaging. IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, Sorrento, Italy, 2231–2235.
    [Google Scholar]
27. M.N.Nabighian
    WardS.H. and HohmannG.W.1987. Electromagnetic theory for geophysical applications. In: Electromagnetic Methods in Applied Geophysics‐Theory, (ed. M.N.Nabighian ). Tulsa, Society of Exploration Geophysicists (SEG), 221.
    [Google Scholar]
28. XueG.Q., YanY.J., LiX. and DiQ.Y.2007. Transient electromagnetic S‐inversion in tunnel prediction. Geophysical Research Letters34, L18403. doi:10.1029/2007GL031080.
    [Google Scholar]
29. XueG.Q., GeliusL.J., XiuL., QiZ.P. and ChenW.Y.2013. 3D pseudo‐seismic imaging of transient electromagnetic data – a feasibility study. Geophysical Prospecting61, 561–571.
    [Google Scholar]
30. YanS., ChenM.S. and ShiX.X.2009. Transient electromagnetic sounding use a 5 m square loop. Exploration Geophysics40, 193–196.
    [Google Scholar]
31. YuQ. and HolmesT.W.2001. A study on stray capacitance modeling of inductors by using the finite element method. IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility43, 88–93.
    [Google Scholar]