1887
  1. Home
  2. A-Z Publications
  3. Near Surface Geophysics
  4. Volume 2, Issue 4
  5. Article
Volume 2 Number 4
  • ISSN: 1569-4445
  • E-ISSN: 1873-0604

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Seismic data acquired in shallow offshore surveys often display well‐defined dispersion patterns related to two types of surface wave, propagating in shallow subwater layers. The waves of the first type propagate as normal modes and are represented by a low‐velocity, low‐frequency wavetrain identified with Scholte waves. The phase velocities of Scholte waves are related to the shear‐wave velocities below the water‐bottom and can be inverted to estimate in the subwater layers. The waves of the second type propagate as leaking modes and are characterized by a number of distinctive features: their dispersion patterns have a resonant frequency‐tuned appearance, they have relatively high cut‐off frequencies and their phase velocities exceed the velocity in the water. When the subwater layers are composed of relatively soft saturated rocks with high Poisson’s ratio, the leaking modes can be closely approximated by acoustic waves. By inverting the approximating dispersion curves, the vertical distribution of the compressional‐wave velocity in the shallow subwater layers can be estimated.

Estimation of and below the sea‐bottom using the two types of surface wave is illustrated by examples from shallow offshore surveys conducted at several sites in the eastern Mediterranean area.

© European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers © 2004 European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.3997/1873-0604.2004021
2004-08-01
2024-04-25

  • From This Site

    /content/journals/10.3997/1873-0604.2004021
    dcterms_title,dcterms_subject,pub_keyword
    -contentType:Journal -contentType:Contributor -contentType:Concept -contentType:Institution
    10
    5
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. AkiK. and RichardsP.G.1980. Quantitative Seismology. W.H. Freeman and Co., Vol. 1, pp. 319–333.
     [Google Scholar]
  2. Al‐EqabiG.I. and HerrmannR.B.1993. Ground roll: A potential tool for constraining shallow shear‐wave structure. Geophysics58, 713–719.
     [Google Scholar]
  3. BarrowsL., GahrD. and MazzellaA.1988. Shear velocity depth sounding by analysis of ground roll. 58th SEG Meeting, Anaheim, USA, Expanded Abstracts, Session: ENG1.8.
  4. BibeeL.D. and DormanL.M.1991. Implications of deep‐water seismometer array measurements for Scholte wave propagation. In: Shear Waves in Marine Sediments (eds J.M.Hovem , M.D.Richardson , and R.D.Stoll ), pp. 221–230. Kluwer Academic Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  5. BrekhovskikhL.M.1960. Waves in Layered Media. Academic Press, Inc.
     [Google Scholar]
  6. CaitiA., AkalT. and StollR.D.1991. Determination of shear velocity profiles by invertion of interface wave data. In: Shear Waves in Marine Sediments (eds J.M.Hovem , M.D.Richardson , and R.D.Stoll ), pp. 557–566. Kluwer Academic Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  7. ChapmanN.R.1991. Estimation of geoacoustic properties by inversion of acoustic field data. In: Shear Waves in Marine Sediments (eds J.M.Hovem , M.D.Richardson , and R.D.Stoll ), pp. 511–520. Kluwer Academic Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  8. ChapmanN.R. and StaalP.R.1991. A summary of DREA observations of interface waves at the seabed. In: Shear Waves in Marine Sediments (eds J.M.Hovem , M.D.Richardson , and R.D.Stoll ), pp. 177–184. Kluwer Academic Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  9. Chávez‐GarcíaF.J., Ramos‐MartínezJ. and Romero‐JiménezE.1995. Surface‐wave dispersion analysis in Mexico City. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America85, 1116–1126.
     [Google Scholar]
  10. CollinsM.D. and KupermanW.A.1991. A stable higher‐order elastic parabolic equation with application to Scholte wave propagation. In: Shear Waves in Marine Sediments (eds J.M.Hovem , M.D.Richardson , and R.D.Stoll ), pp. 479–486. Kluwer Academic Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  11. DossoS.E. and BrookeG.H.1995. Measurement of seismo‐acoustic ocean‐bottom properties in the high Arctic. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America98, 1657–1666.
     [Google Scholar]
  12. EssenH.‐H., GrevemeyerI., HerberR. and WeigelW.1998. Shear‐wave velocity in marine sediments on young oceanic crust: Constraints from dispersion of Scholte waves. Geophysical Journal International132, 227–234.
     [Google Scholar]
  13. EwingJ., CarterA., SuttonG.H. and BarstowN.1992. Shallow water sediment properties derived from high‐frequency shear and interface waves. Journal of Geophysical Research9, 4739–4762.
     [Google Scholar]
  14. GabrielsP., SniederR. and NoletG.1987. In situ measurements of shear‐wave velocity in sediments with higher‐mode Rayleigh waves. Geophysical Prospecting35, 187–196.
     [Google Scholar]
  15. GittermanY., ZaslavskyY., ShapiraA. and ShtivelmanV.1996. Empirical site response evaluations: case studies in Israel. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering15, 447–163.
     [Google Scholar]
  16. HaddonR.A.W.1984. Computation of synthetic seismograms in layered earth models using leaking modes. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America74, 1225–1248.
     [Google Scholar]
  17. HaegemanW. and Van ImpeW.F.1999. Characterization of disposal sites from surface waves measurements. Journal of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics4, 27–34.
     [Google Scholar]
  18. HaskellN.A.1953. The dispersion of surface waves in multilayered media. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America43, 17–34.
     [Google Scholar]
  19. HollandC.W.1991. Surface waves in poro‐viscoelastic marine sediments. In: Shear Waves in Marine Sediments (eds J.M.Hovem , M.D.Richardson , and R.D.Stoll ), pp. 13–20. Kluwer Academic Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  20. JongmansD. and DemanetD.1992. The importance of surface waves in vibration study and the use of Rayleigh waves for estimating the dynamic characteristics of soils. Engineering Geology34, 105–113.
     [Google Scholar]
  21. KawashimaS. and KimuraM.1998. Determination of shear‐wave velocity profile using Scholte waves in marine sediments. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 1, RegularPaper, Short Notes Review Papers 37, 3156–3160.
     [Google Scholar]
  22. NazarianS. and StokoeK.1988. Application of seismic methods in pavement design and analysis. 58th SEG Meeting, Anaheim, USA, Expanded Abstracts, Session: ENG1.3.
  23. NoletG. and DormanL.M.1996. Waveform analysis of Scholte modes in ocean sediment layers. Geophysical Journal International125, 385–396.
     [Google Scholar]
  24. RauchD.1986. On the role of bottom interface waves in ocean seismo‐acoustics: a review. In: Ocean Seismo‐Acoustics (eds T.Akal and J.M.Berkson ), pp. 623–641. Plenum Press, New York.
     [Google Scholar]
  25. RitzwollerM.H. and LevshinA.L.2002. Estimating shallow shear velocities with marine multicomponent data. Geophysics67, 1991–2004.
     [Google Scholar]
  26. RixG.J., StokoeK.H., BaldiG. and BruzziD.1988. In situ seismic testing of landslide debris in Valtellina, Italy using surface waves. 58th SEG Meeting, Anaheim, USA, Expanded Abstracts, Session: ENG1.2.
  27. RobertssonJ.O.A., HolligerK., GreenA.G., PuginA. and De IacoR.1996. Effects of near‐surface waveguides on shallow high‐resolution seismic refraction and reflection data. Geophysical Research Letters23, 495–498.
     [Google Scholar]
  28. RothM., HolligerK. and GreenA.G.1998. Guided waves in near‐surface seismic surveys. Geophysical Research Letters25, 1071–1074.
     [Google Scholar]
  29. RothM. and HolligerK.1999. Inversion of source‐generated noise in high‐resolution seismic data. The Leading Edge18, 1402–1406.
     [Google Scholar]
  30. SchreinerA.E., DormanL.M. and BibeeL.D.1991. Shear wave velocity structure from interface waves at two deep water sites in the Pacific ocean. In: Shear Waves in Marine Sediments (eds J.M.Hovem , M.D.Richardson , and R.D.Stoll ), pp. 231–238. Kluwer Academic Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  31. SchwabbF.1970. Surface‐wave dispersion computations: Knopoff’s method. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America60, 1491–1520.
     [Google Scholar]
  32. SchwabbF. and KnopoffL.1970. Surface‐wave dispersion computations. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America60, 321–344.
     [Google Scholar]
  33. ShtivelmanV.1999. Using surface waves for estimating shear wave velocities in the shallow subsurface onshore and offshore Israel. European Journal of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics4, 15–35.
     [Google Scholar]
  34. ShtivelmanV.2001. Shallow water seismic surveys for site investigation in the Haifa Port Extension area, Israel. Journal of Applied Geophysics46, 143–158.
     [Google Scholar]
  35. ShtivelmanV.2003. Using surface waves for studying the shallow subsurface. Bollettino di Geofisica Teorica en Applicata44, 223–236.
     [Google Scholar]
  36. StokoeK.H., GauerR.C. and BayJ.A.1991. Experimental investigation of seismic surface waves in the seafloor In: Shear Waves in Marine Sediments (eds J.M.Hovem , M.D.Richardson , and R.D.Stoll ), pp. 51–58. Kluwer Academic Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  37. TolstoyI. and ClayC.S.1966. Ocean Acoustics. McGraw‐Hill Book Co.
     [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journals/10.3997/1873-0604.2004021
Loading
Estimating seismic velocities below the sea‐bed using surface waves
Near Surface Geophysics 2, 241 (2004); https://doi.org/10.3997/1873-0604.2004021
/content/journals/10.3997/1873-0604.2004021
/content/journals/10.3997/1873-0604.2004021
Loading

Data & Media loading...

  • Article Type: Research Article

Most Cited This Month Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error