1887

Abstract

Summary

The final stage of a migration process is usually the imaging condition, which brings together elements of the upcoming and downgoing wavefields for each shot gather in order to form an image contribution. This procedure suffers limitations due to the approximations made in representing the physics of the system, but in addition to that, the final summation of all shot contributions necessarily assumes that the subsurface parameter model was perfect, such that all image contributions align perfectly for summation (within a Fresnel zone), as well as having recorded data that are noise free and adequately sampled. In this work, we assess the effect of unresolvable velocity errors on the final image, and present a case study example of a technique for compensating for these errors via techniques borrowed from astronomical image processing applied to each of each of the many thousands of elemental traces that contribute to the final image.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/papers/10.3997/2214-4609.201600591
2016-05-30
2024-03-28
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. Albertin, U. and Zhang, L.
    , [2014], Migration optimization through local phase alignment of partial migration images. SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts, 3769–3773.
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Arntsen, B., Tantserev, E. and Amundsen, L.
    [2010], True-amplitude cross-correlation shot-profile imaging condition. SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts, 3273–3277.
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Baysal, E., D.D.Kosloff, and J.W.C.Sherwood
    [1983] Reverse time migration. Geophysics, 48, 1514–1524.
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Claerbout, J.F.
    [1971] Toward a unified theory of reflector mapping. Geophysics, 36(3), 467–481.
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Etgen, J.T., Chu, C, Yang, T. and Vyas, M.
    [2014] Adaptive image focusing. SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts, 3774–3778.
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Etgen, J.T., Ahmed, I. and Zhou, M.
    [2014] Seismic adaptive optics. SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts, 4411–4415.
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Hemon, C.
    [1978] Equations d’onde et modeles. Geophysical Prospecting, 26, 790–821.
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Jones, I.F.
    [2014] Tutorial: migration imaging conditions. First Break, 32(12), 45–55.
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Jones, I.F. and Davison, I.
    [2014] Seismic imaging in and around salt bodies. SEG Interpretation, 2(4), SL1–SL20.
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Jones, I.F., Kobylarski, M. and BrittanJ.
    [2015] An overview of some wavefield extrapolation imaging conditions. SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts, workshop 4.
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Leveille, J.P., I.F.Jones, Z-Z.Zhou, B.Wang, and F.Liu
    [2011] Subsalt imaging for exploration, production and development: A review. Geophysics, 76(5), WB3–WB20.
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Liu, F., Zhang, G., Morton, S.A. and Leveille, J.P.
    [2011] An effective imaging condition for reverse time migration using wavefield decomposition. Geophysics, 76, S29–S39.
    [Google Scholar]
  13. McMechan, GA.
    [1983] Migration by extrapolation of time-dependent boundary values. Geophysical Prospecting, 31, 413–420.
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Nemeth, T., Wu, C, Schuster, GT.
    [1999] Least-squares migration of incomplete reflection data. Geophysics, 64, 208–22.
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Sava, P. and Fomel, S.
    [2003] Angle-domain common-image gathers by wavefield continuation methods. Geophysics, 68, 1065–1074.
    [Google Scholar]
  16. [2006] Time-shift imaging condition in seismic migration. Geophysics, 71, S209–S218.
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Sava, P. and Poliannikov, O.
    [2008] Interferometric imaging condition. Geophysics, 73, S47–S61.
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Schleicher, J., Costa, J.C. and Novais, A.
    [2007] A Comparison of Imaging Conditions for Wave-Equation Shot-Profile Miration. Accessed October, 2015. http://www.portalabpg.org.br/PDPetro/4/ resumos/4PDPETRO_1_2_0533-1.pdf
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Schuster, G.
    [1997] Acquisition footprint removal by least square migration. 1997Annual UTAM Report, 73–99.
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Tyson, C, Kobylarski, M., Walters, R. and Long, S.
    [2015] Sub-salt model update and RTM image enhancement: an example from deep water Angola. 75th EAGE Conference & Exhibition.
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Whitmore, N.D.
    [1983] Iterative depth migration by backward time propagation. 53rd Annual International Meeting, SEG, Technical Program Expanded Abstracts, Session: S10.1.
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Xia, G. and Rietveld, W.
    [2013] Aperture Partitioned Illumination and Weighting for Optimized Subsalt Imaging. 75th EAGE Conference & Exhibition.
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Yoon, K., Marfurt, K.J. and Starr, W.
    [2004] Challenges in reverse-time migration. SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts, 1057–1060.
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/papers/10.3997/2214-4609.201600591
Loading
/content/papers/10.3997/2214-4609.201600591
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error