Seismic Modeling and Its Application on Source Wavelet Frequency Determination

Seismic modeling enables the geophysicists to have a better understanding of the subsurface image before the seismic acquisition, processing, and interpretation. In this regard, seismic survey modeling is employed to construct a model close to the real structure, and obtain very realistic synthetic seismic data. Therefore, by some illumination and resolution analyses, a survey designer can investigate the effects of various survey parameters on the resulting image. The primary objective of this study is to analyze the resolution of the faulted target with respect to source wavelet frequency. The ray-based seismic modeling was built using 2D seismic data, geological reports, and the well logs. A pre-stack depth migration simulator was used to evaluate the source wavelets with different frequencies on the resulting seismic image. This simulation indicated that 20 Hz source wavelet could not image the target fault plane, but higher frequencies results show a higher resolution and better recognition of the fault plane. Results proved that a survey designer could enhance the image of fault planes in a seismic section applying the ray-based analyses, concerning the resolution of fault image.