State of the arts and new advanced ERT instrumentation and methods for Urban planning challenges

Many countries will face challenges in meeting the needs of their fast growing urban populations, including housing, water resource, transportation facilities, energy supply, and other essential infrastructures. Geotechnics has been on a dominant position in the tool box of urban planners. Nevertheless, challenges are getting more crucial since megacities grows so fast and human health being becomes more and more a non-negotiable objective. Underground comprehensive geological knowledge is then the key issue for a safe urban planning. Among the geophysical tools box, urban planner and decision makers have ERT state of the art and advanced development for accessing to a comprehensive underground geological knowledge.