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Engineering and Mining Geophysics 2018
- Conference date: April 23-27, 2018
- Location: Almaty, Kazakhstan
- Published: 23 April 2018
1 - 20 of 149 results
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The concept of an automatic navigation and measurment aerogeophysical complex
Authors G. Trigubovich, S. Shevchuk, A. Sverkunov and S. BarsukovSummaryIn article the concept of an automatic navigation and measurment aerogeophysical complex that used for multi-method manned aerogeophysical survey without navigator and operator-geophysist staff is considered.
The operation of the complex is based on the use of a combination of authoring programs RouteNav and QAeroRecorder or other software with the same functions, which receive and process the measured navigational and geophysical data and transmit the necessary information to the interactive monitor in the cockpit. This information makes ability of better than 10 meter tracing error following the project routes providing fully automated surveying with monitoring of malfunctions of measuring systems.
The developed complex is applicable to airborne geophysical systems of the “Impulse-Aero” type and other systems using an airplane or a helicopter as a carrier of measuring devices.
The advantages of this complex are both an increase in economic efficiency due to increased automation, and convenience and ease of use for pilots. The complex is at the testing stage.
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Method Unsteady «Active» Thermometry in the Diagnosis of Wells
Authors R.F. Sharafutdinov, A.Sh. Ramazanov, R.A. Valiullin, V.Y. Fedotov and D.V. KosmilinSummaryWhen diagnosing the condition of oil and gas wells are important tasks like: determining the individual flow rates for individual layers in a multilayer system, the determination of the inflow profile in the low production wells, the determination of the interval behind-the-casing motion with a quantitative evaluation of the rate of flow, etc. One of the widely used methods is the thermometry. However the informativity, the method of the thermometry when solving a problem, by definition, behind the casing flows “from above” remains quite low. In this respect promising is the method of active thermometry based on the use of artificial thermal field in the borehole thermometry, in particular, created during induction heating of the column.
The paper presents the results of theoretical, laboratory experiments and field data using the method of “active radiometry”. The main useful features are the amount of change of the temperature, direction and speed of movement is created “thermal labels”.
Analysis of the theoretical, experimental and field data shows that the prospects of a new approach in the temperature logging tool for diagnosing the state of the well and reservoir
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Electromagnetic Monitoring of the Salt Karst Processes Development
Authors V. Kolesnikov and T. LaskinaSummaryThe electromagnetic monitoring system, adapted for the urbanized regions conditions, has been considered with the purpose to control the physical condition of the waterproof strata on the territory of salt deposits on the base of the experimental surveys and results of the numerical modelling to promote the increase of the safety of salt deposits mining. Taking into account the results of the experimental surveys, geological peculiarities of salt deposits, mining methods and theoretical hypothesis of the karst process, the dynamic geoelectrical model of the waterproof strata distortion, salt karst processes development and possible the Earth’s surface failure forming has been designed to increase the validity of the electromagnetic data interpretation and prediction of the negative phenomena.
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Variability Shapes the Curve of the Real Component of the Impedance of the Environment by the Frequency for the Inhomogeneous Polarized Environment
Authors A.A. Miller and V.N. MelnikovSummaryWe were taken in the field spectra of the real and imaginary components of the voltage on the measuring electrodes, of which the received quadrature components of apparent resistivity was calculated;
- there was in general two types of spectra: with a monotonic ascent real components with the growth of period and with maximum in area of frequency in the order of several Hertz;
- were able to simulate the general course of the spectra, which confirmed the mechanism of formation of maxima in the spectrum of the real components by superimposing the spectra of emission and absorption of host rocks and rocks of the high polarizability;
- the existence of a maximum in the spectrum of the real components of resistance may indicate the presence of sub-vertical layer of high polarizability between the supply and measuring electrodes.
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Detection of Hydrogeological and Biogenic Factors of Decrease of Bearing Capacity of Sandy-argillaceous Soils by Methods of Engineering Electrical Prospecting in the Conditions of St. Petersburg City
Authors V.V. Glazunov, N.N. Efimova and A.Y. TatarskiySummaryGeophysics makes it possible to distinguish the intervals of the geological section in the soil under of foundations, which undergo biogenic contamination and seasonal changes of hydrogeological conditions. The results of complex application of ground penetration radar (GPR) and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) for revealing hydrogeological and biogenic factors influencing the state of sandy-argillaceous soils under of foundations are presented
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Gravimetric Monitoring of Technogenic Impact on Geological Environment
Authors S.G. Bychkov, A.V. Michurin and A.A. SimanovSummaryThe results of gravimetric studies conducted to study the consequences of the development of the Verkhnekamsk potash deposit are presented. Monitoring observations of the field of gravity reveal the dynamics of rock mass deformation processes and allow the forecasting of dangerous and catastrophic situations. It is shown that modern methods of processing and interpreting high-precision monitoring survey significantly increase the ability to predict negative engineering-geological phenomena. Examples of gravimetric studies in emergency areas of mines are given.
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Integration of Electrical and Gravity Data in the Allocation of Water Areas
Authors S.G. Bychkov, I.Yu. Mityunina and Yu.I. StepanovSummaryIn order to develop a set of methods for studying groundwater deposits associated with zones of increased fracturing, integrated geological and geophysical explorations including high-precision gravity survey and self-potential exploration were performed. The works were carried out at two groundwater deposits located in the administrative boundaries of the city of Kirov. As a result of a complex analysis of geological and geophysical data, areas of high-amplitude anomalies of gravitational and natural electric fields are identified, coinciding with zones of increased density of megafracturing of rocks obtained on the basis of interpretation of aerospace and space images. Water availability of sites is confirmed by the results of hydrogeological surveys.
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Laboratory Researches of Intensity Vibrating Signal and Acoustic Issue on Samples of Ferruterous Quartzites KMA, the Analysis of Results
Authors J.S. Pogorelov, B.J. Adigamov, J.V. Taletsky and S.V. SergeyvSummaryFor improvement of a technique of the forecast of danger of mountain blow the analysis of results of laboratory researches of a vibration signal and acoustic issue at axial compression of samples of the KMA ferruterous quartzites is made. Noted local decrease of intensity of a vibration signal at monotonous increase in tension in rock is explained by manifestation of residual deformation of rocks, and the subsequent its increase - manifestation of elastic stratification of rocks before their destruction. The schedules of intensity of a vibration signal calculated according to laboratory data significantly differ from accepted standard, but correspond received at underground researches of a massif, are well differentiated in a form - therefore can be used for a quantitative assessment of danger of mountain blow, as a percentage of strength of the massif
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Application of 2D Electrical Sounding With Capacitive Electrodes for Investigations of St. Petersburg Underground Space
Authors A.F. Volynin and A.Y. TatarskiySummaryThis paper is presenting the results of comparison of the dipole-dipole array with capacitive electrodes and its grounded equivalent and the results of testing 2D electrical sounding with capacitive electrodes for studying of subsidence of the soil of the Arsenal embankment of St. Petersburg. Application of capacitive electrodes technologies extends the possibilities of electrical sounding for the city underground space. It allows obtain quantitative information about the soils of the upper part of the section.
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Assessment of a Seismic Potential in the Design of Critical Structures in the Regions With a Pure Information on Seismicity
Authors G.Ya. Khachikyan, A.B. Sadykova and A.S. InchinSummaryTo locate critical facilities, for example, nuclear power facilities, seismically quiet territories are usually chosen. At the same time, in many continental regions the periods of recurrence of strong earthquakes can be hundreds or more years that results in a deficit of seismic information for assessment of a seismic potential of this region (maximal possible magnitude of earthquake - Mmax). We propose an alternative approach for estimation of a seismic potential, based on the use of values of geomagnetic Z-component estimated in the Geocentric Solar-Magnetosphere coordinate system (ZGSM). The scientific and methodological foundations of this approach and the regression relation for estimation of Mmax on the base of the ZGSM value were developed by us earlier [Khachikyan et al., 2012, IJG, doi: 10.4236/ijg.2012.35109], and in this report we give the coefficients of a relation for different regions with different type of tectonics: Alpine-Himalayan orogeny belt, San Andreas Fault, subduction areas in the South-East Asia, and for the most seismic region in the Northern Tien-Shan.
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Air and Ground-based Mobile Em-systems Application Effectiveness in Engineering Surveys
Authors Yu.Yu. Dmitriev and G.M. TrigubovichSummaryAt the present, new technologies, equipment and processing means for EM research have been developed and introduced into the practice in ground and airborne engineering surveys.
These technologies have been tested in various engineering and geological conditions and showed high metrological characteristics, confirmed by electric logging and drilling data.
The use of such technologies improves the productivity and reliability of engineering and geophysical research and reduces the cost.
Airborne electric prospecting is the most cutting-edge for engineering surveys at infrastructure facilities (gas and oil pipelines, road and railroads, power lines).
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Complex of EMS, Electrical Logging and Up-hole Velocity Survey Methods Application for Near-surface Exploration to Predict Optimal Charge Depth During Common Depth Point CDP Surveys
Authors Yu.Yu. Dmitriev, I.A. Gots, I.A. Batmanov, G.M. Trigubovich and S.M. RyaboshapkoSummaryTo choose the optimal conditions for the explosion (the depth of the charge and its size) during the seismic SDP exploration works it was proposed to apply a set of methods of electrical logging + up-hole velocity survey + electromagnetic scanning.
This complex has been tested in various regions of the Russian Federation (Western Siberia, Evenkiya, and the North of the European part) and has confirmed its effectiveness in the various structures of the near-surface. Test explosions in alternative wells of CDP have shown the reliability of the forecast by the proposed complex no worse than 90%.
The application of this set of methods is aimed not only at improving the quality of field seismic data, but also allows reducing costs for up-hole velocity survey by 10–20 times and assuming the use of obtained materials for the introduction of statistical corrections in the processing of CDP.
Considering the incomparably higher informative and unambiguous results of new studies compared with the traditionally used techniques, the electrical logging + up-hole velocity survey + electromagnetic scanning complex should be recommended for inclusion in standard field seismic operations of CDP with an exploder source.
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Engineering Seismics Opportunities in Estimating Underground Potable Water Reservoirs in the Mountain River Valley
Authors B.A. Kanareikin, E.Yu. Goshko, E.V. Mosyagin, A.S. Salnikov and A.V. SagaidachnySummaryEngineering-seismic studies of the shallow subsurface in the Teberda River valley (Karachay-Cherkess Republic) were carried out with the aim to rectify spatial boundaries of ground-water deposits in the river paleocut, being a promising target for water by the results of previous prospecting.
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The Study of the Burial Mound of the Ancient Nomads of Kazakhstan Using the Methods of Shallow Geophysics
Authors M. Gontar, I. Mirkhashimov, I. Pavlov and E. TolegenovSummaryThis article presents the results of the application of geophysical research methods (electrical resistivity imaging, electromagnetic profiling) in the study of the burial mound of the Saka period in the southeastern part of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The method of production is described. The results of processing and interpretation of the obtained data are presented. Conclusions are made about the possibilities of using a complex of geophysical methods in archaeological research.
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Perspectives of using the impulse powder seismic source to solve shallow diamond prospecting problems in Western Yakutia
Authors A.G. Yaroslavtsev, A.I. Babkin, E.M. Goncharov and V.M. BoyarovSummaryThe experience of using the “Impulse powder seismic source” for decision shallow problems in the propagation zones of perennial-frozen rocks is reviewed in this work. The energy characteristics of the source and the penetration depth of the seismic signal were estimated. The results of using the proposed source and the explosive excitation method were compared. The detail characteristics of the developed seisgun are given. The advantages of the seisgun are shown in the control of the upper part of the section within the kimberlite field in the territory of Western Yakutia.
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Electrical prospecting with using of TE- and TM-polarization fields for testing ore objects at East Kazakhstan
Authors A.V. Zlobinskiy, V.S Mogilatov, D.A Inkin and V.F GmuroSummaryTraditionally, for electrical prospecting survey is used TE-polarization field, usually. TE-polarization field is generated by loop and horizontal line usually using at survey. Magnetotelluric method use TE-polarization field basically. Using of TM-polarization field give great possibilities for testing ore objects. Using of TM-polarization field give possibility of identification of small size, and small contrast objects at big depth. Example of complex survey with using TE- and TM-polarization field is given at the article.
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Using of Resistivity and Indused Polarization Methods for Studying of Sand-Gravel Deposits in Kaluga Region
Authors S.A. Anoshina, V.A. Kulikov and A.V. SolovievaSummarySand-gravel mixes (SGM) are among the minerals of multi-purpose use. Traditionally, various modifications of vertical electric sounding are used to search and study sand-gravel deposits. Today, geophysicists are faced with the task not only to discover the boundaries of the SGM deposit, but also to determine its main properties, for example, to identify areas characterized by a high percentage of gravel. Studying of the nature of induced polarization (IP) over the deposits of sandy-gravel deposits provides additional information on the composition of the sandy-gravel mixes. In 2015–2017, geophysical studies were conducted in the framework of studying practices aimed at studying the processes of induced polarization over known sand and gravel deposits in Kaluga region. The obtained results showed that, using the IP method, under certain favorable conditions, it is possible to determine sections enriched with gravel fraction. Geophysical results are confirmed by laboratory measurements of induced polarization on samples and drilling data.
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Seismic Inspection of the Rock Mass Consolidation Grouting in the Zone of Anthropogenic Accident
Authors I.A. Sanfirov, A.A. Zhikin, G.U. Priima and A.V. NezhdanovSummaryThe authors of the article presented the technology of seismic survey on the anthropogenic accident territory with the purpose of strength development control in the rock mass consolidation grouting zone.
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Physical-geological Model of Karst According Airborne Electrical Surveys
Authors M.G. Pustozerov and G.M. TrigubovichSummaryDiscusses the physical-geological model (FGM) karst developed according to the surveys by the method of TEM on a known area of destruction in the Perm region. It is shown that karst objects are securely fixed according to the airborne geophysical survey. Furthermore it is established that the zone of destruction is also prepared by the contrast of vydelyayutsya objects with abnormally low soprotivlenie. On the basis of FGM established major and minor criteria for the selection of karst sites and their evaluation according to the materials of the surveys.
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Features of Seismic-geoelectric Models of Landslides of Various Structural Types
Authors S. Burlutskiy, V. Glazounov, N. Efimova and A. EremeevaSummaryDesign, construction and operation of various engineering structures in conditions of development of dangerous landslide processes requires detailed study of landslide slopes. One of the most priority tasks in the study of landslides is the study of its structural features. Modern tomographic technology extends the capabilities of engineering geophysics in order to obtain representative information on the structure of landslides. The seismo-geoelectric model of structural landslides presented in this work increases the effectiveness of geophysical methods. Performed a comparative analysis of seismic-geoelectric models of landslides of various structural types makes it possible to identify and emphasize features that must be taken into account when geophysical studies of landslide slopes are carried out.
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